Resolved now
And … here is the solution!
So it is EXPLICITLY needed to allow access to local file resource at Android 4.4+.
It is NOT enough to set following line ONLY to your config.xml:
<allow-navigation href="*"/>
You will have to set the next line on Android 4.4+, too:
<allow-navigation href="file://*/*" />
Dont forget for your index.html:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src *; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'">
Regarding to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/30326148/cordova-ionic-http-request-not-processing-while-emulating-or-running-on-dev … I had a suspicion.